Knowing Portugal

Portugal is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.
Portugal is a democratic republic ruled by the Constution of 1976. A member state of the United Nations since 1955, Portugal is also a founding member of NATO (1949), OECD (1961) and EFTA (1960); it left the latter in 1986 to join the European Economic Community, that would become the European Union in 1993
Capital: Lisbon

Official language: Portuguese

Cities:
Lisbon is located on the west cost of the country, the Antlantic Ocean, where the river Tagus flows into the ocean. Porto is the second city in size and importance in Portugal. Braga- with an interesting and attractive historical center where you can visit: Casa dos Criva , Santa Cruz Church, Archiepiscopal Palace (XIV-XVII centuries), Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, Staircase (XVIII century), Monastery Tibaes, spawns de Lima and Viana do Castelo


Portugalia este o ţară situată în extrema sud-vestică a Europei, din Peninsula Iberica având graniţă cu Oceanul Atlantic în vest şi în sud, şi cu Spania în nord şi în est. De asemenea include două grupuri de insule ale Atlanticului: Insulele Azore (Açores) şi Insulele Madeira.
Portugalia este o republica democratica. Un stat membru al Organizatiei Natiunilor Unite din anul 1955, si de asemenea membru fondator al NATO (1949), OCDE (1961) si EFTA (1960),
Capitala: Lisabona
Limba oficiala: portugheza
Oraşe turistice:

Lisabona este plasată pe costa de vest a ţării, la Oceanul Atlantic, unde râul Tejo se varsă în ocean. Porto este al doilea oraş în mărime şi importanţă din Portugalia. Locuitorii Porto-ului şi-au spus tripeiros, nume care este în uz şi astăzi. Unul dintre produsele Portugaliei apreciate la nivel mondial este Vinul de Porto

Braga – cu un interesant şi atractiv centru istoric, în care se pot vizita: Casa dos Crivos ( sec . al-XVIII-lea), Biserica Santa Cruz ( secolele XVI-XVIII), Catedrala Se ( secolele XII-XVIII) Primaria ( sec. al XVIII-lea), Palatul Arhiepiscopal ( secolele XIV-XVIII), Gradina Botanica Santa Barbara, Staircase ( sec. XVIII-lea), Manastirea Tibaes, Pontele de Lima si Viana do Castelo.

WRITER

Eça de Queiroz (1845 - 1900) is a Portuguese novelist. Born in Póvoa de Varzim, near Oporto, he traveled throughout the world as a consul. He accepted an assignment to the consulate of Paris in 1888 and remained there until his death on August 16, 1900. The books he wrote in Paris are critical of Portuguese society. His most famous works include Os Maias (The Maias) (1878) , 'O Crime do Padre Amaro (The Crime of Father Amaro) (1876) and O Primo Bazilio (Cousin Basílio) (1878). Nicknamed the "Portuguese Zola," Eça was the founder of Portuguese Naturalism.

José Maria Eça de Queirós este probabil cel mai cunoscut scriitor realist portughez. S-a remarcat ca un novator al romanului portughez prin orientarea sa catre realism. Romane importante ale lui Eça de Queirós: O Primo Basilio (Vărul Basilio), Os Maias (Familia Maia). „A Cidade e as Serras” (Oraşul şi muntele)

João de Deus Ramos (March 8, 1830 – January 11, 1896), better known as João de Deus, the greatest Portuguese poet of his generation, was born in Silves in the province of Algarve, son of Pedro José Ramos (son of José dos Ramos and wife Joaquina Maria) and wife Isabel Gertrudes Martins (daughter of Manuel Martins and wife Gertrudes Angélica). Matriculating in the faculty of law at the University of Coimbra, he did not proceed to his degree but settled in the city, dedicating himself wholly to the composition of verses, which circulated among professors and undergraduates in manuscript copies. The Folhas soltas (1876) is a collection of verse in the manner of Flores do campo, brilliantly effective and exquisitely refined.

Joao de Deus Ramos, cel mai mare poet portughez al generaţiei sale, s-a născut in provincia Silves. Una dintre culegerile de poeme: Soltas Folhas

PAINTERS

Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso

Wwas a Portuguese artist, working in the style of the vanguard of his time. In 1912 he published an album with twenty drawings and, after that, he copied the story, “La Légende de Saint Julien to l'Hospitalier”, which were ignored by appreciators of art. In 1913 he exhibited eight works in the Armony Show in the USA, some of which are now in American museums

A fost un pictor portughez modernist, precursor al curentelor de avangarda.

În 1912 publică un album cu 20 de desene şi, "cu răbdarea unui benedictin" - cum spune el însuşi - realizează ilustraţiile pentru povestirea "La légende de Saint Julien l'Hospitalier

MUSICIANS
Fernando Lopes-Graça
Was a Portuguese composer and conductor of the 20th century. He worked both as a contemporary music composer and as a musicologist. His major influences came from Portuguese popular music, that he studied, continuing the work of other musicologists, like Francisco de Lacerda.
A fost un compozitor şi dirijor portughez al secolului 20. El a lucrat atât ca un compozitor de muzică contemporană şi ca un muzicolog. Influentele sale majore au venit din muzica populara portugheza.
Sequeira Costa
Is a Portuguese pianist who is especially admired for his interpretations of the Romantic repertoire.
At the age of 22, Costa launched his international career by winning the Grand Prix at the Marguerite Long International Piano Competition. Five years later, he founded the Vianna da Motta International Music Competition in Lisbon. In 1958, Dmitri Shostakovich invited Costa to sit on the jury of the inaugural International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow, to which he returned six times.